Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common condition that affects the gums and the bones that support the teeth. It is caused by bacteria that form plaque on the teeth. If plaque is not removed regularly, it can harden into tartar, which can irritate the gums and cause them to become inflamed.
Dentists check for gum disease during regular dental exams. They will look for signs of inflammation, such as redness, swelling, and bleeding. They will also check for pockets of pus, which can indicate an infection. If gum disease is detected, the dentist will recommend treatment options, such as scaling and root planing.